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Glycosylation is the term that denotes the linking of glycans (chains of sugar molecules) to another (bio-)molecule. In the context of antibodies, usually the N-glycosylation of e. g. the Fc region is implied.

Proteins that are linked to glycans (oligosaccharides, or sugar-chains). Common synonyms: glycosylated proteins, N-glycan containing proteins. 

Glycoengineered antibodies contain modifications in the glycosylation (N-glycan portion) of the molecular structure. Since the glycosylation pattern plays a key role in the signaling pathways of the immune system, controlling it is crucial in the manufacture of antibodies. Antibodies from prokaryotic cell cultures do not contain glycosylation at all and are inferior to antibodies from […]

Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) are guidelines which are recommended by specific regulatory agencies, e. g. the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These guidelines encompass processes and measures to ensure consistent high quality of products with the end goal of preventing harm to the end customer, e. g. a patient receiving a pharmaceutical product.

Gene expression is the biological process of protein production, involving transcription of genetic blueprints into RNA strands and subsequent synthesis of polypeptides from single amino acids in the ribosome.