evitria’s bispecific antibody production service delivers research-ready bispecific antibodies from CHO transient expression in as little as 4 weeks..
Bispecific Antibody Production Service from Switzerland to the world
With our bispecific antibody production service, we can provide you with high-quality bispecific antibodies in as little as 4 weeks.
In need of a reliable bispecific antibody production service that ensures proper assembly of constructs? We support the expression of all common bispecific antibody types, including DuoBody® System (Genmab), IgG-scFvs, Knobs-into-Holes, Crossmab, Electrostatic Steering, and other related formats.
Unsure on what format of bispecific antibody you should use in your research? We are happy to guide the design of your constructs – come to us with mAbs, and leave with bsAbs through our bispecific screening program.
Transfections performed since our inception in 2010
25,000 +
Antibodies expressed
4 weeks
From Sequence to Antibody
Improved selectivity & reduced side effects with our bispecific antibody production service
Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) can be categorized by their activity or by their structural format. By way of activity, trans co-engagers interact with two different epitopes on two different cells, for instance, bringing a T-cell into close proximity with a tumor cell and activating cytotoxic pathways for cell destruction (Figure 1). Cis co-engagers interact with two different antigens on the same cell, thereby improving the selectivity of the antibody and reducing therapeutic side effects.1
At evitria, we are happy to support our customers not only with our high-quality bispecific antibody production service, but we can also help you to identify the ideal bsAb type for your project with our screening options.
Our bispecific antibody production service – structure and formats
Structurally, antibodies can be categorized based on the number of antigen binding domains they possess (their valency), and how they are divided between the different targets. For instance, bispecific antibodies are often classified as “1 + 1” (two binding sites, one for each target), “2 + 2” (four binding sites, two for each target), or “2+1” (three binding sites, two for one target, one for the other). Further combinations are possible, and more targets can be engaged using multi-specific antibodies.
Additional structural characterization can be made by looking at the bsAb format and the sequences used to join the different domains. “Traditional” structures closely resemble regular monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) but have different binding domains on each Fab arm (Figure 2A). These can be further embellished by the addition of other binding regions, such as scFvs or Fab domains, which leads to the creation of multi-specific molecules (Figures 2B and 2C).
Non-antibody bispecifics can be created through the linkage of binding domains without Fc regions. These domains can be antibody fragments, such as individual scFvs (common with bispecific T-cell engagers), Fab domains, VHH domains, or other proteins with an affinity for the desired target(s).
Finally, additional modifications may be added to augment the function of the bispecific molecule. Most frequently, these modifications would be used to silence immune effector functions, which are typically undesirable for trans co-engagers, and can also help reduce the risk of immunogenicity. However, any other mutations used with traditional antibodies can theoretically be transferred into a bispecific antibody.
The choice of which bispecific antibody to use is non-trivial and should be made through a combination of application, manufacturing, and commercial considerations. Our experts are happy to assist you in this decision!
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“We have been working with evitria for several years and highly appreciate the high consistency of the delivered material.”
Sr. Scientist, Biotherapeutics, Switzerland
“We have been working with evitria since 2022. We appreciate the openness and flexibility of the team, the high speed and quality of the proteins they deliver.”
Radiopharm Theranostics Ltd.
“We are happy paying for the assured quality that evitria brings.”
Sr Scientist, Biotherapeutics, Series B Startup, Boston
Unsure on what bispecific format you should use?
We’ve got you covered! Regardless of where your research is taking you, Lisa Meza is dedicated to supporting you on our bispecific antibody production service.
Bispecific antibody production service provided by evitria
Our extensive experience in bispecific antibody production service covers all major bispecific formats as well as proprietary, highly engineered, or unusual constructs. We work closely with you to understand your goals and provide expert guidance on the most suitable bsAb for your research.
For that aim, we support bispecific antibody formats like:
DuoBody® System (Genmab)
This proprietary format is an efficient way to create bispecific antibodies through Fab arm exchange, resulting in a 1+1 antibody format. Two individual IgG1 antibodies with complementary CH3 mutations are expressed separately and combined post-purification. This method ensures high yields without impacting expression and is a straightforward, established procedure.
IgG-scFv
In this 2+2 format, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) is added to the C-terminus of each heavy chain via a flexible peptide linker. This allows for flexible design of bispecific antibodies. Expression and antibody purification can vary depending on the scFv sequence, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) polishing is often required for high purity.
Knobs-into-Holes, CrossMab, Electrostatic Steering, and Related Formats
These 1+1 bispecifics are produced by co-expressing two different heavy chains and one or two light chains. They allow for diverse and customized bsAb constructs but may require specialized purification to separate homodimers from heterodimers. Optimization of transfection ratios can improve heterodimer formation.
Accelerating Bispecific Success with Opti-mAb® Technology
Through our strategic partnership with AAX Biotech, evitria seamlessly integrates 15+ years of exclusive CHO transient expression expertise with cutting-edge Opti-mAb® technology to solve the industry-wide challenge of scFv instability. Single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) are essential building blocks for bispecific antibodies, but their tendency to misfold and aggregate frequently leads to manufacturing bottlenecks and project cancellations.
By applying this proprietary molecular stabilization strategy, we eliminate aggregation risks and deliver up to 37x higher yields and greater than 95% purity, all within our rapid 4-week turnaround time. This partnership allows you to address critical developability risks early, transforming even the most complex and challenging bispecific constructs into highly stable, manufacturable therapeutics without compromising on Swiss precision or scientific flexibility.
Fast-tracking bsAb projects has become a strategic advantage, enabled by advances in transient expression, purification, and protein engineering.23 However, compressed timelines carry a risk of suboptimal design and reduced analytical scrutiny, which can jeopardize long-term scalability. It’s crucial to balance speed with quality from the outset to avoid costly failures. Read more: Fast-Tracking Bispecific Antibody Development: What Can Go Wrong?
Our experts are happy to discuss our process with you and provide a detailed breakdown of prices for your specific project.
Case Study Download
Fc engineering and reformatting – from monoclonal to bispecific
From mAb to bsAb – Download our case study on accelerating bispecific antibody design and production for targeted cancer therapeutics.
We know how tight timelines in biotechnological projects can be. With resources and know-how at hand, our efficient workflow allows us to provide you with recombinant antibodies within only 4 weeks. Starting with a pilot study, large-scale expression commences after 2 weeks, followed by purification, extensive analytics, and – finally – shipment of the deliverables to our customers worldwide.
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How are bispecific antibodies made? 6 steps
The production of bispecific antibodies involves sophisticated in vitro protein engineering and advanced production techniques. Below is an overview of the key aspects of their production process:
1. Antibody engineering and cloning
Bispecific antibodies are engineered by fusing two different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or antibody fragments with desired specificities. Using recombinant DNA technology, genes encoding the variable domains of each specific antibody are cloned to create a single construct, resulting in bispecific formats like scFv, diabody, or Fab.
4. Hybridoma fusion or recombinant expression
For quadroma or bivalent formats, hybrid hybridomas are formed by fusing two different hybridomas that produce the parent mAbs. Alternatively, recombinant techniques like knobs-into-holes mutations facilitate the formation of heavy chain heterodimerization, leading to asymmetric bsAbs.
2. Expression systems for antibody production
BsAbs are produced using various expression systems, including mammalian cells, yeast, or bacterial systems. Mammalian cell lines such as CHO cells are commonly used for therapeutic applications due to their ability to perform complex post-translational modifications necessary for antibody functionality.
5. Protein purification
BsAb production involves multiple purification steps to obtain highly pure and active molecules. Techniques such as ion exchange chromatography, protein A affinity chromatography, or peptide tagging are employed to isolate and enrich bsAbs from the expression system.
3. Transfection and protein expression
The bispecific antibody genes are introduced into the expression system through transfection, initiating the production of bispecific antibody molecules. The expression system then synthesizes the bispecific proteins, including both the heavy and light chains.
6. Antibody characterisation and quality control
After antibody purification, bispecific antibodies undergo rigorous characterization and quality control assays. These assays assess their binding specificity, stability, and effector functions. The bispecific antibodies are also evaluated for their pharmacokinetics, half-life, and ability to engage with target cells.
Accelerate early-stage antibody discovery with parallel CHO expression of up to several hundred constructs per project.
evitria’s HTP antibody production service delivers purified, assay-ready antibodies within 4 weeks – with the same Swiss-quality analytical package used at clinical scale. No host-cell transitions, no re-optimization, no delays.
Both monoclonal and bispecific antibodies come with numerous benefits, but have several differences that set them apart. We will review them in this article.
Bispecific drugs hold immense promise in revolutionizing therapeutic interventions across various medical fields. In this article, we explore three examples of bispecifics and their applications, illuminating their remarkable potential in advancing patient care.
Despite the enormous progress that has been made in the field of bsAbs, the side effects related to their administration have to be considered as well. In this article, we provide a general overview of possible side effects.
BsAbs are a comparatively new and extremely promising class of antibodies. In this article, we provide an overview of bispecific antibodies, including their mechanism of action and expressions.
Especially in the past decade, the FDA has approved several bispecific antibody (bsAb) products, revolutionizing the treatment of myriad medical conditions. In this article, we will take a look at the bsAbs currently approved by the FDA.
In this article, we’ll explore the different types and formats of bsAbs, their unique features, and therapeutic applications. Additionally, we’ll highlight evitria’s role in advancing bsAb development.
At evitria, we use transient expression in CHO cells for all our expression services, as they allow us to produce various antibody formats in outstanding quality. Additionally, CHO cells are an expression system feasible both for early-stage assays in drug discovery and large-scale production of recombinant proteins, as the mammalian cell culture can perform high throughput protein expression and thus achieve high yields. Furthermore, and unlike gene synthesis in HEK293 cells, CHO cells can perform complex post-translational modifications, especially crucial for therapeutic antibodies with optimizations for in vivo applications (e.g. as antibody-drug conjugates or to enhance ADCC).
Bispecific antibodies are engineered antibodies designed to bind to two different antigens simultaneously. This dual targeting capability can enhance therapeutic effects, such as bringing immune cells closer to cancer cells to boost immune response. Bispecific antibody engineering involves re-arranging the heavy chains and light chains of two different antibodies in a process called heterodimerization.
Bispecific antibodies are a comparatively new phenomenon in biotech. They have gained huge momentum in the past 10 years, making it difficult for research groups and pharma companies to keep track of all the new associated technologies.
Below is a comprehensive table of all FDA-approved bispecific antibodies, showcasing the range and potential of these groundbreaking treatments. (correct as of September 2025)
Linvoseltamab – Tandem scFv (BCMA x CD3; FDA 2025)
Amivantamab – Duobody (EGFR x c-MET)
Blinatumomab – Tandem scFv (Bispecific T-cell engager; CD19 x CD3)
Emicizumab – Common light chain + Electrostatic Steering (FIXa x FX)
Faricimab – CrossMab Knob-in-Hole (Ang-2 x VEGF-A)
Mosunetuzumab – Knob-in-Hole (CD20 x CD3)
Tebentafusp – ImmTAC (Immune Mobilizing Monoclonal TCRs Against Cancer; gp100-HLA x CD3)
Teclistamab – Tandem scFv (BCMA x CD3)
Epcoritamab – Duobody (CD20 x CD3)
Glofitamab – Two-chain scFv (2:1 format; CD20 x CD3)
Talquetamab – DuoBody (GPRC5D x CD3; FDA 2023)
Elranatamab – Tandem scFv (BCMA x CD3; FDA 2023)
Tarlatamab – BiTE format (DLL3 x CD3; FDA 2024)
Zanidatamab – Biparatopic IgG (HER2 x HER2; FDA 2024)
Zenocutuzumab – IgG-based bispecific (HER2 x HER3; FDA 2024)
Multispecific antibodies are engineered antibodies that can bind to multiple antigens at once. They are designed to engage various targets for more precise and effective treatments, offering broader therapeutic options and potential for complex diseases.
Bispecific antibodies are successfully applied in various therapeutic areas such as oncology, immunology, and hematology. They are particularly effective in immunotherapy, where they can recruit immune cells to target cancer cells.
Bispecific antibodies can improve treatment efficacy by engaging two targets simultaneously, potentially leading to stronger immune responses and increased precision in targeting diseases. They also offer flexibility in designing tailored treatments for complex conditions.
No, evitria specializes in transient transfection. This approach allows for the rapid and efficient generation of antibodies for both small-scale research and larger therapeutic purposes.more flexible than using stable cell lines, allowing us to deliver high-quality antibodies in as little as 4 weeks.
No, our bispecific antibody production service starts after the sequencing is complete. Antibody sequencing is a crucial first step in the process, as it provides the genetic blueprint we need to express your specific bispecific antibody. While we do not perform sequencing in-house, we have established strong partnerships with leading sequencing experts. This allows us to provide a seamless workflow from initial sequencing all the way to the final purified product, ensuring a fast and efficient process.
Yes, our expertise extends beyond bispecific antibodies. We offer recombinant antibody expression services and also provide a comprehensive protein production service for a wide range of proteins. Our technology and experience allow us to offer high-quality, efficient services tailored to your specific project needs.
Wei, J., et al. “Current landscape and future directions of bispecific antibodies in cancer immunotherapy.” Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 13, 2022, p. 1035276. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035276↩︎
Labrijn, A. F., et al. “Bispecific antibodies: a mechanistic review of the pipeline.” Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol. 18, no. 8, 2019, pp. 585-608. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-019-0028-1. ↩︎
Klein, C., et al. “The present and future of bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy.” Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol. 23, no. 4, 2024, pp. 301-319. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-024-00896-6↩︎
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